TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Infection of the Middle Ear
A1  - Chonmaitree, Tasnee
A2  - Kline, Mark W.
Y1  - 2018
N1  - 
T2  - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 23e
AB  - Infection  of  the  middle  ear,  or  otitis  media  (OM),  includes  acute,  nonacute,  and  chronic  types  of  infections.  Acute  otitis  media  (AOM)  is  defined  as  an  acute  illness  marked  by  the  presence  of  middle  ear  fluid  and  inflammation  of  the  mucosa  that  lines  the  middle  ear  space.  Otitis  media  with  effusion  (OME)  is  defined  by  the  presence  of  middle  ear  fluid  without  signs  of  acute  illness  and  usually  follows  AOM  but  may  also  occur  as  a  result  of  viral  upper  respiratory  tract  infection  (URTI),  allergy,  or  barotrauma.  Synonyms  for  OME  include  serous  otitis,  secretory  otitis,  and  glue  ear.  Less  common  chronic  variations  of  OM  include  permanent  perforation  of  the  tympanic  membrane  (TM)  and  perforation  or  retraction  of  the  TM  with  trapped  epithelium  that  is  unable  to  spontaneously  clear  desquamated  debris,  forming  a  cholesteatoma.  Both  perforations  and  cholesteatoma  may  be  associated  with  recurrent  foul-smelling  otorrhea,  termed  chronic  suppurative  otitis  media  (CSOM).  CSOM  occurs  more  commonly  after  repeated  and  untreated  AOM  in  low-  and  middle-income  countries.  Infection  may  spread  from  the  middle  ear  space  to  contiguous  structures  such  as  the  inner  ear,  mastoid  air  cells,  petrous  bone,  and  intracranial  structures,  leading  to  infection  of  the  central  nervous  system.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182934837
ER  -