TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Aspiration Syndromes
A1  - Daines, Cori L.
A2  - Kline, Mark W.
PY  - 2018
T2  - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 23e
AB  - Pulmonary  aspiration  is  defined  as  the  passage  of  foreign  material  or  fluid  into  the  lungs  during  inspiration.  Although  food  or  gastric  contents  are  considered  the  main  culprits,  anything  from  saliva  to  plastic  toys  can  be  aspirated.  Aspiration  of  saliva  and  gastric  contents  can  occur  in  normal  individuals  silently,  especially  at  night.  The  degree  of  pathology  seen  in  aspiration  syndromes  relates  to  the  volume,  the  type  and  causticity,  and  the  chronicity  of  material  aspirated.  Pathologic  aspiration  events  can  be  divided  into  2  main  categories:  acute  and  chronic.  The  acute  events  include  large-volume  aspiration  of  gastric  contents  or  other  fluid,  hydrocarbon  aspiration,  near  drowning,  and  foreign  body  aspiration.  The  chronic  events  include  recurrent,  small-volume  aspiration  of  saliva,  food,  upper  airway  secretions,  or  gastroesophageal  reflux  disease  (GERD).  Large-volume  aspiration  events  (with  the  exception  of  many  cases  of  foreign  body  aspiration,  discussed  in  more  detail  in  Chapter  118)  are  usually  witnessed  and  can  be  addressed  directly.  Recurrent  small-volume  aspirations  often  are  silent  and  more  difficult  to  diagnose  and  manage.  It  is  important  to  recognize  the  risk  factors  to  properly  diagnose  aspiration  (Table  504-1).  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182916585
ER  -