TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Perinatal Stroke
A1  - Craig, Alexa
A1  - Ferriero, Donna M.
A2  - Stevenson, David K.
A2  - Cohen, Ronald S.
A2  - Sunshine, Philip
PY  - 2015
T2  - Neonatology: Clinical Practice and Procedures
AB  - Neonatal  stroke  is  estimated  to  occur  in  1  per  2300  to  5000  live  births.1  This  estimate  may  be  an  underrepresentation  of  the  true  incidence  of  neonatal  stroke  because  of  the  inherent  challenges  in  diagnosing  this  condition.  In  the  adult,  stroke  is  defined  as  “rapidly  developed  signs  of  focal  (or  global)  disturbance  of  cerebral  function  lasting  greater  than  24  hours  (unless  interrupted  by  surgery  or  death),  with  no  apparent  nonvascular  cause.”2  In  this  definition,  there  is  heavy  reliance  on  the  clinical  signs  of  neurological  dysfunction.  These  signs  are  not  usually  apparent  in  the  neonate  because  motor  dysfunction  is  not  easily  appreciated,  and  sophisticated  repertoires  of  behaviors  such  as  language  or  the  ability  to  follow  commands  have  not  yet  developed.  In  the  newborn,  symptoms  are  vague,  including  encephalopathy,  seizures,  hypotonia,  poor  feeding,  and  apnea.  This  list  of  symptoms  may  be  present  in  many  of  the  diseases  treated  in  the  neonatal  intensive  care  unit;  therefore,  trying  to  ascertain  which  are  caused  by  stroke  can  be  immensely  challenging.  The  correct  identification  of  stroke,  however,  is  paramount  for  many  reasons,  ranging  from  identifying  potentially  modifiable  risk  factors  to  acute  therapeutic  intervention  (particularly  for  sinus  venous  thrombosis).  Managing  long-term  outcomes,  which  tend  to  be  poor,  is  difficult  but  may  improve  with  aggressive  early  intervention  and  emerging  therapies  such  as  transcranial  magnetic  stimulation  and  constraint-induced  therapy.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1109792065
ER  -