RT Book, Section
A1 Hong, David K.
A1 Prober, Charles G.
A2 Rudolph, Colin D.
A2 Rudolph, Abraham M.
A2 Lister, George E.
A2 First, Lewis R.
A2 Gershon, Anne A.
SR Print(0)
ID 7029847
T1 Chapter 309. Herpes Simplex Virus Infections
T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e
YR 2011
FD 2011
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-149723-7
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7029847
RD 2024/04/25
AB Herpes  simplex  virus  type  1  (HSV-1)  and  herpes  simplex  virus  type  2  (HSV-2)  belong  to  a  family  of  DNA  viruses  that  include  cytomegalovirus  (CMV),  varicella-zoster  virus  (VZV),  Epstein-Barr  virus  (EBV),  and  human  herpesviruses  6,  7,  and  8  (Table  309-1).  Following  primary  infection,  herpes  simplex  viruses  establish  a  latent  state,  in  general,  HSV-1  in  the  trigeminal  ganglion  and  HSV-2  in  the  sacral  ganglion.  From  time  to  time,  the  viruses  may  be  reactivated,  resulting  in  recurrent  infections  that  may  or  may  not  be  associated  with  symptoms.  HSV-1  is  usually  transmitted  in  oral  secretions,  whereas  HSV-2  is  most  often  transmitted  through  sexual  activity.  HSV-1  infections  occur  most  frequently  during  childhood  and  usually  affect  body  sites  above  the  waist  (mouth,  lips,  eyes,  face).  HSV-2  infections  occur  most  often  during  adolescence  and  adulthood,  and  involve  body  sites  below  the  waist  (genitalia,  buttocks,  thighs).  Historically,  the  majority  of  infections  in  newborns  is  transmitted  from  the  maternal  genital  tract  and  is  usually  caused  by  HSV-2.1  However,  because  the  prevalence  of  genital  infection  with  HSV-1  in  the  United  States  is  increasing,  a  greater  proportion  of  neonatal  infections  may  be  due  to  HSV-1.2,3