Testicles may be nonpalpable or located along the course of the inguinal canal, in the superior scrotum, retroscrotally, and in the perineum. The ipsilateral scrotum may be hypoplastic, and a hernia or hydrocele may also be present. Cryptorchidism may be associated with other anomalies such as disorders of sexual development (especially in the presence of hypospadias), prune-belly syndrome, bladder exstrophy, pituitary disorders, and multiple other syndromes.