The Neonatal ECLS Registry (established in 1985), as of July 2011, lists 29,839 neonatal patients. Currently, the overall cumulative neonatal survival rate is 75% for respiratory, 39% for cardiac, and 39% for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation use of ECLS for patients with refractory cardiopulmonary arrest. The cumulative drop in survival over the years reflects a larger proportion of patients treated with high-mortality diagnoses. The registry also tracks cumulative survival rates for specific diseases: meconium aspiration syndrome, 94%; pulmonary hypertension, 78%; hyaline membrane disease, 84%; sepsis, 75%; pneumonia, 57%; airleak syndrome 74%; congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 51%; congenital heart defect 38%; cardiac arrest, 22%; cardiogenic shock, 39%; cardiomyopathy, 63%; myocarditis, 49%; cardiac transplant, 30%. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia and lower birthweight status in those patients treated for respiratory failure are variables associated with increased mortality and morbidity.