Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content +++ Key Features ++ Most common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted infections in the United States In 2013, over 1.4 million cases in adolescents and young adults were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention +++ Clinical Findings ++ In females May be asymptomatic in 75% Manifests as dysuria, urethritis, vaginal discharge, cervicitis, irregular vaginal bleeding, or pelvic inflammatory disease Presence of mucopus at the cervical os (mucopurulent cervicitis) is a sign of chlamydial infection or gonorrhea In males May be asymptomatic in 70% Manifests as dysuria, urethritis, or epididymitis Some patients complain of urethral discharge On clinical examination, a clear white discharge may be found after milking the penis Proctitis or proctocolitis may occur in adolescents practicing receptive anal intercourse +++ Diagnosis ++ Nucleic acid amplification tests are most sensitive (92%–99%) method to detect Chlamydia Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or direct fluorescent antibody tests are less sensitive, but may be the only testing option in some centers +++ Treatment ++ Cervicitis or urethritis Azithromycin, 1 g orally as single dose Doxycycline, 100 mg orally twice a day for 7 days Alternative regimens Erythromycin, 500 mg orally four times a day for 7 days Erythromycin ethylsuccinate, 800 mg orally four times a day for 7 days Levofloxacin 500 mg orally once daily for 7 days Ofloxacin, 300 mg orally twice a day for 7 days Your MyAccess profile is currently affiliated with '[InstitutionA]' and is in the process of switching affiliations to '[InstitutionB]'. Please click ‘Continue’ to continue the affiliation switch, otherwise click ‘Cancel’ to cancel signing in. Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Forgot Username? Forgot Password? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth