Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content +++ Key Features ++ Optic nerve function is evaluated by checking visual acuity, color vision, pupillary response, and visual fields +++ Clinical Findings ++ Poor optic nerve function results in decreased central or peripheral vision, decreased color vision, strabismus, and nystagmus Optic nerve disorders can be due to congenital malformation, malignancy, inflammation, infection, metabolic disorders, and trauma +++ Diagnosis ++ The swinging flashlight test is used to assess function of each optic nerve Shining a light alternately in front of each pupil checks for an afferent pupillary defect or Marcus Gunn pupillary defect An abnormal response in the affected eye is pupillary dilation when the light is directed into that eye after having been shown in the other eye with its healthy optic nerve Optic nerve is evaluated as to size, shape, color, and vascularity Occasionally, myelinization past the entrance of the optic nerve head occurs; appears white, with a feathered edge Myelinization onto the retina can be associated with myopia and amblyopia Anatomic defects of the optic nerve include colobomatous defects and pits +++ Treatment ++ Management of the underlying condition Your Access profile is currently affiliated with [InstitutionA] and is in the process of switching affiliations to [InstitutionB]. Please select how you would like to proceed. Keep the current affiliation with [InstitutionA] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Switch affiliation to [InstitutionB] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Error: Incorrect UserName or Password Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Sign in Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Download the Access App: iOS | Android Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth You already have access! Please proceed to your institution's subscription. Create a free profile for additional features.