Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content ++ Key Features ++ Essentials of Diagnosis ++ Iridocyclitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis May be asymptomatic despite severe ocular inflammation Occurs most often in girls with oligoarticular arthritis and a positive antinuclear antibody test ++ General Considerations ++ Other causes Syphilis Tuberculosis Sarcoidosis Relapsing fever (borreliosis) Lyme disease Juvenile spondyloarthropathies, including ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome), and psoriatic arthritis, are associated with anterior uveitis A substantial percentage of cases are of unknown origin ++ Clinical Findings ++ Symptoms and Signs ++ Injection, photophobia, pain, and blurred vision usually accompany iritis (anterior uveitis or iridocyclitis) Other ocular findings of the anterior segment include conjunctivitis, episcleritis, and sterile corneal infiltrates ++ Differential Diagnosis ++ Iridocyclitis due to autoimmune disorder Trauma Infection Malignancy Idiopathic etiology ++ Diagnosis ++ Slit-lamp examination reveals anterior chamber inflammation with inflammatory cells and protein flare ++ Treatment ++ Topical corticosteroid and a cycloplegic agent is aimed at quieting the inflammation and preventing or delaying the onset of cataract and glaucoma Methotrexate and other systemic immunosuppressive agents can be used in refractory cases Systemic antitumor necrosis factor agents such as etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab show promise in treating refractory cases ++ Outcome ++ Complications ++ Permanent decreased vision due to Cataracts Secondary glaucoma Band keratopathy ++ Prognosis ++ Depends on the severity of ocular inflammation, development of cataracts, and secondary glaucoma ++ Reference + +Tugal-Tutkun I: Pediatric uveitis. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2011;6(4):259–269 [PubMed: 22454749] . GET ACCESS TO THIS RESOURCE Sign In Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Forgot Username? Forgot Password? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth Get Free Access Through Your Institution Contact your institution's library to ask if they subscribe to McGraw-Hill Medical Products. Access My Subscription GET ACCESS TO THIS RESOURCE Subscription Options Pay Per View Timed Access to all of AccessPediatrics 24 Hour $34.95 (USD) Buy Now 48 Hour $54.95 (USD) Buy Now Best Value AccessPediatrics Full Site: One-Year Individual Subscription $595 USD Buy Now View All Subscription Options