Autistic disorder |
A. A total of 6 (or more) items from (1), (2), and (3), with
at least 2 from (1), and one each from (2) and (3): |
(1) qualitative impairment in social interaction,
as manifested by at least 2 of the following: |
(a) marked impairment in the use of multiple
nonverbal behaviors such as eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression,
body postures, and gestures to regulate social interaction |
(b) failure to develop peer relationships appropriate
to developmental level |
(c) a lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment,
interests, or achievements with other people (eg, by a lack of showing,
bringing, or pointing out objects of interest) |
(d) lack of social or emotional reciprocity |
(2) qualitative impairments in communication
as manifested by at least 1 of the following: |
(a) delay in, or total lack of, the development
of spoken language (not accompanied by an attempt to compensate
through alternative modes of communication such as gesture or mime) |
(b) in individuals with adequate speech, marked
impairment in the ability to initiate or sustain a conversation
with others |
(c) stereotyped and repetitive use of language
or idiosyncratic language |
(d) lack of varied, spontaneous make-believe
play or social imitative play appropriate to developmental level |
(3) restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns
of behavior, interests, and activities, as manifested by at least
1 of the following: |
(a) encompassing preoccupation with 1 or more
stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest that is abnormal
either in intensity or focus |
(b) apparently inflexible adherence to specific,
nonfunctional routines or rituals |
(c) stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms
(eg, hand or finger flapping or twisting, or complex whole-body
movements) |
(d) persistent preoccupation with parts of objects |
B. Delays or abnormal functioning in at least 1 of the following
areas, with onset before 3 years old: |
(1) social interaction |
(2) language as used in social communication |
(3) symbolic or imaginative play. |
C. The disturbance is not better accounted for by Rett disorder
or childhood disintegrative disorder. |
Asperger disorder |
A. Qualitative impairment in social interaction, as manifested
by at least 2 of the following: |
(1) marked impairment in the use of multiple
nonverbal behaviors such as eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression,
body postures, and gestures to regulate social interaction |
(2) failure to develop peer relationships appropriate
to developmental level |
(3) a lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment,
interests, or achievements with other people (eg, by a lack of showing,
bringing, or pointing out objects of interest to other people) |
(4) lack of social or emotional reciprocity |
B. Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior,
interests, and activities, as manifested by at least 1 of the following: |
(1) encompassing preoccupation with one or more
stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest that is abnormal
either in intensity or focus |
(2) apparently inflexible adherence to specific,
nonfunctional routines or rituals |
(3) stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms
(eg, hand or finger flapping or twisting, or complex whole-body
movements) |
(4) persistent preoccupation with parts of objects |
C. The disturbance causes clinically significant impairment
in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. |
D. There is no clinically significant general delay in language
(eg, single words used by 2 years old, communicative phrases used
by 3 years old). |
E. There is no clinically significant delay in cognitive
development or in the development of age-appropriate self-help skills,
adaptive behavior (other than in social interaction), and curiosity
about the environment in childhood. |
F. Criteria are not met for another specific pervasive developmental
disorder or schizophrenia. |