TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies A1 - Rozenfeld, Ranna A. PY - 2018 T2 - The PICU Handbook AB - Definition: Potentially life-threatening clinical syndrome that results in electrolyte derangements secondary to significant tumor cell death and impairment in the kidney's ability to maintain homeostasisMost commonly occurs in patients with tumors with high cell turnover (acute leukemia, Burkitt's lymphoma) with initiation of therapy, but can occur in any malignancy, even without chemotherapyCan lead to renal failureCommon electrolyte derangements include:Hyperkalemia (typically the first to develop and most life threatening)HyperuricemiaHypocalcemiaHyperphosphatemiaTherapy:Aggressive hydration: 1.5 to 2 times maintenance IV fluids (without potassium or phosphorus)Prevention of hyperuricemia: allopurinol (first-line), rasburicaseDialysis: Reserved for severe kidney injury with electrolyte disturbances and/or fluid overload SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1152488756 ER -