TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - High-Altitude Illness A1 - Blumen, Ira J. A1 - Ahn, James A2 - Tenenbein, Milton A2 - Macias, Charles G. A2 - Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 - Yamamoto, Loren G. A2 - Schafermeyer, Robert PY - 2019 T2 - Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 5e AB - High-altitude illness (HAI) often affects young and otherwise healthy individuals. This disease progresses from acute mountain sickness (AMS) to potentially life-threatening high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE).Acclimatization and slow ascent are the best way of avoiding HAI.Acetazolamide has been shown to be very effective for acclimatization when staging is not possible in individuals who are at an increased risk of HAI.Truncal ataxia is the cardinal sign of HACE, and immediate definitive treatment is descent. High-flow oxygen is indicated as soon as symptoms are recognized and dexamethasone, at an initial dose of 1 to 2 mg/kg orally or intramuscularly, can produce dramatic improvement.HAPE, with a cardinal sign of severe dyspnea at rest, is the leading cause of high-altitude death other than trauma. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1155750015 ER -