TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Goldenhar Syndrome
A1  - Bissonnette, Bruno
A1  - Luginbuehl, Igor
A1  - Engelhardt, Thomas
PY  - 2019
T2  - Syndromes: Rapid Recognition and Perioperative Implications, 2e
AB  - Common  birth  defect  of  vascular  origin  involving  the  first  and  second  branchial  arch  derivatives,  resulting  mainly  in  hemifacial  microsomia  with  anomalies  of  the  ear,  eye,  and  vertebral  bodies.  Other  dermatological  manifestations  include  limbal  dermoids,  preauricular  skin  tags,  and  strabismus.  Usually  associated  with  severe  cardiovascular  anomalies  including  ventriculoseptal  defect,  atrial  septal  defect,  patent  ductus  arteriosus,  tetralogy  of  Fallot,  and  coarctation  of  the  aorta.  Arnold-Chiari  Syndrome  and  hydrocephalus  are  reported.  Airway  problems  (unilateral  hypoplasia  of  the  facial  bones  and  muscles)  are  very  important  considerations  as  difficult  tracheal  intubation  must  be  expected.  A  higher  incidence  of  obstructive  sleep  apnea  in  patients  affected  with  facial  microsomia  has  been  reported.  Epibulbar  dermoids.  Limited  mouth  opening,  micrognathia,  and  a  cleft  palate  is  often  associated  with  this  condition.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/16
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1164071253
ER  -