TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Common Multiple Congenital Anomalies: Syndromes, Sequences, and Associations A1 - Gomella, Tricia Lacy A1 - Eyal, Fabien G. A1 - Bany-Mohammed, Fayez PY - 2020 T2 - Gomella's Neonatology: Management, Procedures, On-Call Problems, Diseases, and Drugs, 8e AB - A congenital anomaly (also called birth defect, congenital malformation, or congenital abnormality) is defined as a structural or functional defect that is present at birth and different from what is considered normal. A structural defect is an abnormality in the structure of the parts of the body (skeleton and organs). Structural defects most often occur during the critical period of fetal development in the first trimester. Structural defects include heart defects, cleft palate, neural tube defects, club foot, and others. A functional defect is defined as a defect in how the body system works (eg, metabolic disorders, brain and nervous system problems, degenerative disorders, immune disorders, sensory disorders). This chapter will discuss only structural defects; functional defects are discussed elsewhere. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1168357540 ER -