TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Osteopenia of Prematurity (Metabolic Bone Disease) A1 - Gomella, Tricia Lacy A1 - Eyal, Fabien G. A1 - Bany-Mohammed, Fayez PY - 2020 T2 - Gomella's Neonatology: Management, Procedures, On-Call Problems, Diseases, and Drugs, 8e AB - Prematurity affects bone mineralization and bone mineral content (BMC). Metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity is a term currently used more often compared with osteopenia of prematurity. MBD is best defined as a decrease in BMC relative to expected level of mineralization for gestational age (GA) with biochemical and radiologic features. Normal bone is formed by the deposition of minerals, predominantly calcium (Ca2+) and phosphorus (P), onto an organic matrix (osteoid) secreted by the osteoblasts. Osteoclasts play an important role in bone resorption and remodeling. Although osteopenia and rickets result in decreased bone mineralization and may have similar clinical findings, they are not identical processes and thus the term rickets of prematurity is not used in this chapter. Osteopenia or MBD is principally a result of inadequate Ca2+ and P intake to meet bone growth demands. Rickets, however, is principally due to vitamin D deficiency; vitamin D supplementation alone will not resolve either osteopenia or rickets. Both disease processes involve the utilization of Ca2+, P, and vitamin D. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2022/05/16 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1168358123 ER -