TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 240. Community-Acquired and Bacterial Pneumonia in Children A1 - Pelton, Stephen I. A2 - Rudolph, Colin D. A2 - Rudolph, Abraham M. A2 - Lister, George E. A2 - First, Lewis R. A2 - Gershon, Anne A. PY - 2011 T2 - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e AB - Worldwide, community-acquired pneumonia is a leading cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in children.1Studies that employ blood culture, serology, and polymerase chain reaction, as well as those that use pneumococcal conjugate vaccines as a probe to determine the proportion of disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, suggest that pneumococcus is the major pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia in children, frequently in the presence of concurrent viral respiratory infection. Several observations such as the presence of patchy perihilar infiltrates on x-ray suggests that most cases of bacterial pneumonia result from aspiration of nasopharyngeal organisms and provide the rationale that respiratory tract flora, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Moraxella catahhralis, Staphylococcus aureus, and S pneumoniae are the major bacterial pathogens in pediatric pneumonia. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7023608 ER -