TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 552. Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease A1 - Rivkin, Michael J. A2 - Rudolph, Colin D. A2 - Rudolph, Abraham M. A2 - Lister, George E. A2 - First, Lewis R. A2 - Gershon, Anne A. PY - 2011 T2 - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e AB - Stroke denotes the sudden onset of a focal neurologic deficit and most often includes the abrupt appearance of weakness. Interruption of blood flow to a part of the central nervous system (CNS) usually underlies the resultant weakness. Because most strokes in children are related to focal cerebral involvement, the most common clinical manifestation is the abrupt appearance of hemiparesis. Less frequently, the cause of stroke involves the brainstem, cerebellum, or spinal cord. The functional consequences always reflect the neuroanatomic features of the affected CNS region. Either focal cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage may cause the clinical manifestations of stroke. Further, ischemic stroke in children is attributable to either arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) or to cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT). This chapter addresses these causes of focal cerebral injury in children. First, epidemiologic features of stroke in children will be presented. Consideration will then be directed to the occurrence of pediatric cerebrovascular disease in neonates as well as in older children. Emphasis will be placed on the pathogenetic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of the varied causes of strokes in children. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7056721 ER -