TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 10. Endoscopy A1 - Manfredi, Michael A. A1 - Lightdale, Jenifer R. A2 - Bishop, Warren P. PY - 2010 T2 - Pediatric Practice: Gastroenterology AB - Gastrointestinal endoscopy involves examining the inside of the gastrointestinal tract using a lighted flexible or rigid instrument called an endoscope. An endoscope is generally introduced into the body through the mouth or anus. As a medical procedure, endoscopy has been performed since the early nineteenth century, and originally involved the use of alcohol or turpentine lamps as light sources for rigid instruments.1 The birth of modern endoscopy can be dated to the 1960s with the development of flexible fiberoptic instruments. These allowed visualization of areas beyond the reach of rigid instruments and greatly improved patient comfort. The development of fiberoptic illumination further improved endoscopic safety by removing thermal and electrical complications from the procedure. Flexible fiberoptic endoscopes were further modified in the 1980s by replacing fiberoptic image bundles with a charge-coupled device (CCD) video camera, which provided greater image detail and display on a video screen. CCD chip size has become smaller over time, further allowing the size of endoscopes to become smaller. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=55940267 ER -