TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - HIV Infection A1 - Shetty, Avinash K. A1 - Maldonado, Yvonne A. A2 - Stevenson, David K. A2 - Cohen, Ronald S. A2 - Sunshine, Philip PY - 2015 T2 - Neonatology: Clinical Practice and Procedures AB - Perinatal transmission is the most common route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among infants and children.1 Since the first reports of pediatric acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases more than 3 decades ago,2 extraordinary advances have occurred in the prevention and treatment of pediatric HIV infection.3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 The epidemiology of the perinatal HIV epidemic has dramatically changed in the United States and other resource-rich countries because of effective implementation of strategies to prevent vertical transmission.7, 8, and 9 Improved survival of HIV-infected children into adolescence and adulthood because of the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly improved the health and longevity of HIV-infected children.3, 4, 5, and 6 SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/18 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1109796814 ER -