TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Infant Formula and Complementary Foods A1 - Phillips, Sarah M. A1 - Shulman, Robert J. A2 - Kline, Mark W. Y1 - 2018 N1 - T2 - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 23e AB - For the first 6 months after birth, breast milk or infant formula is the primary source of nutrients for optimal growth. Despite successful efforts to increase breastfeeding to levels that exceed 90% in developing countries and 50% to 90% in industrialized countries following birth, fewer than half of infants in many countries are exclusively breastfed by 3 to 4 months postpartum. Thus, infant formulas provide a significant portion of the nutrient intake for many infants. Infant formulas are designed to be an acceptable substitute for human milk. Their use is indicated for (1) infants whose mothers choose not to breastfeed; (2) infants for whom human milk is contraindicated; (3) infants who require a supplement to human milk because of slow growth; and (4) infants whose mothers choose to discontinue breastfeeding before the infant is 1 year old. All infant formulas are nutritionally complete and have concentrations of macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate) that are similar to breast milk. Infant formulas are the only acceptable alternative nutrient source for infants who are unable to take breast milk. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182916623 ER -