TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Endocrine Disorders A1 - Bartz, Sarah A1 - Chan, Christine M. A1 - Cree-Green, Melanie A1 - Davis, Shanlee A1 - Hsu, Stephanie A2 - Bunik, Maya A2 - Hay, William W. A2 - Levin, Myron J. A2 - Abzug, Mark J. Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Pediatrics, 26e AB - The classic biology concept that endocrine effects are the result of substances secreted into the blood which act on distant target cells has been updated to account for additional ways in which hormonal effects occur. Specifically, paracrine systems involve the stimulation or inhibition of metabolic processes in neighboring cells (eg, within the pancreatic islets or cartilage). Autocrine hormone effects reflect the action of hormones on the same cells that produced them. The discoveries of local production of ghrelin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, incretins, and many other hormones in the brain and gut support the concept of paracrine and autocrine processes in these tissues. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1190368946 ER -