TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Chapter 52. Brain Abnormalities and Injuries
A1  - Shankaran, Seetha
A1  - Cotton, C. Michael
A2  - Rudolph, Colin D.
A2  - Rudolph, Abraham M.
A2  - Lister, George E.
A2  - First, Lewis R.
A2  - Gershon, Anne A.
Y1  - 2011
N1  - 
T2  - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e
AB  - Neonatal  encephalopathy  is  a  clinically  defined  syndrome  of  disturbed  neurological  function  in  the  early  postnatal  days  of  life  in  the  term  infant,  manifested  by  a  combination  of  signs  including  altered  consciousness,  abnormal  muscle  tone  or  reflexes,  altered  respiration  or  seizures.  Etiologies  of  neonatal  encephalopathy  include  the  combination  of  intrapartum  or  antepartum  hypoxia  and  ischemia  (hypoxic-ischemic  encephalopathy),  which  may  be  accompanied  by  some  prenatal  signs  of  fetal  distress;  vascular  pathologies,  including  intracranial  bleeding  and  stroke;  injuries  secondary  to  birth  trauma;  infections;  genetic  and  metabolic  disorders;  and  congenital  brain  abnormalities.  This  chapter  is  focused  on  brain  injuries  and  abnormalities  in  term  newborn  infants,  with  particular  emphasis  on  infants  who  present  with  biochemical  and  clinical  evidence  of  hypoxic-ischemic  encephalopathy,  and  the  current  diagnostic  and  treatment  approaches  to  such  injury.  Other  birth  injuries  associated  with  central  nervous  system  damage  including  vascular  malformations  and  birth  trauma  are  briefly  discussed  as  well.  
SN  - 
PB  - The McGraw-Hill Companies
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6735433
ER  -