TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Temperature Control and Environment A1 - Darnall, Robert A. A2 - Stevenson, David K. A2 - Cohen, Ronald S. A2 - Sunshine, Philip Y1 - 2015 N1 - T2 - Neonatology: Clinical Practice and Procedures AB - Maintaining an adequate thermal environment for the premature infant is one of the most fundamental principles of newborn intensive care. The failure of the premature infant to adequately respond to a cold stress was perhaps the earliest historically recognized distinguishable characteristic (other than size) of the premature infant. This characteristic formed the rationale for the history and origins of incubators.1 From the earliest experience of Pierre-Constant Budin, a student of Etienne Tarnier in Paris around 1900, it became apparent that survival of the premature infant is dependent on providing an adequate thermal environment.2,3 In the present day, hypothermia continues to be an independent risk factor for death.4 Indeed, thermal care has become routine in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/07 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1109791256 ER -