TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Immune Dysfunction and Dysregulation
A1  - Rozenfeld, Ranna A.
PY  - 2018
T2  - The PICU Handbook
AB  - Immune  system  components:  balanced  response  by  these  components  ensures  elimination  of  threat  with  minimal  damage  to  surrounding  tissues  (Table  73-1).Innate  immunity:Pattern  recognition  receptors  (PRRs)  =  present  on  most  cells,  recognize  pathogen-associated  molecular  patterns  (PAMPs)  or  damage-associated  molecular  patterns  (DAMPs).  Lead  to  the  production  of  cytokines  and  chemokines  to  contain  threat  and  recruit  cellular  components  of  the  immune  system.  Include  the  toll-like  receptors  (Table  73-2),  Toll-like  and  Nod-like  receptors,  RIG-like  receptors,  and  C-type  lectin  receptors.Opsonins  =  mark  pathogens  or  cells  for  clearance  by  phagocytes.Complement  =  opsonize  or  directly  lyse  pathogens  via  assembly  of  the  membrane  attack  complex.Cells  =  including  neutrophils,  monocytes/macrophages,  dendritic  cells,  and  natural  killer  cells.Adaptive  immunity:T  cells.CD4+  helper  T  cells:Th1:  Triggered  by  bacteria  and  viruses.  Primary  cytokines  include  IL-2,  IFN-γ,  TNF.Th2:  Triggered  by  parasites  and  allergic  reactions.  Primary  cytokines  include  IL-4,  IL-5,  IL-10.Th17:  Very  inflammatory.  Primary  cytokine  is  IL-17.CD8+  cytotoxic  T  cells:  Kill  infected  cells.B  cells.Plasma  B  cells:  Antibody  factories.Memory  B  cells:  Provide  long-term  protection.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1152489247
ER  -