TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Methemoglobinemia (Congenital)
A1  - Bissonnette, Bruno
A1  - Luginbuehl, Igor
A1  - Engelhardt, Thomas
PY  - 2019
T2  - Syndromes: Rapid Recognition and Perioperative Implications, 2e
AB  - Congenital  presence  of  high  levels  of  methemoglobin  in  blood.  The  presence  of  abnormally  high  levels  of  methemoglobin  in  the  blood  is  the  result  of  a  congenital  anomaly  of  one  chain  of  hemoglobin  (hemoglobins  M)  or  congenital  deficit  in  NADH  cytochrome  b5  reductase.  Clinically,  patients  with  a  blood  level  around  15%  present  shortness  of  breath,  cyanosis,  mental  status  changes  in  50%  of  patients,  headache,  fatigue,  exercise  intolerance,  dizziness,  and  loss  of  hairlines.  Patients  with  severe  methemoglobinemia  (>50%)  have  seizures,  coma,  and  death  (>70%).  Healthy  people  may  not  have  many  symptoms  with  methemoglobin  levels  below  15%.  However,  patients  with  comorbidities,  such  as  anemia,  cardiovascular  disease,  lung  disease,  sepsis,  or  presence  of  other  abnormal  hemoglobin  species  (eg,  carboxyhemoglobin,  sulfhemoglobin,  or  sickle  hemoglobin),  may  experience  moderate-to-severe  symptoms  with  levels  as  low  as  5  to  8%.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1164078566
ER  -