TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 70. Exchange Transfusion of the Newborn A1 - Steinhorn, Robin H. A2 - Goodman, Denise M. A2 - Green, Thomas P. A2 - Unti, Sharon M. A2 - Powell, Elizabeth C. PY - 2007 T2 - Current Procedures: Pediatrics AB - • Prevent neurotoxicity induced by hyperbilirubinemia.• Jaundice and intermediate to advanced stages of acute bilirubin encephalopathy are present even if the serum bilirubin level does not exactly fit the guidelines.• Early phase: Severely jaundiced infants become lethargic, hypotonic, and feed poorly.• Intermediate phase: Moderate stupor; irritability; and hypertonia, manifested by backward arching of the neck (retrocollis) and trunk (opisthotonos); fever; and high-pitched cry that may alternate with drowsiness.• Treat coagulopathy due to disseminated intravascular coagulation and life-threatening metabolic disorders.• Correct polycythemia using a partial exchange transfusion, meaning that < 1 blood volume is removed and then replaced with normal saline.• Treat severe anemia associated with heart failure with partial exchange transfusion, using packed red blood cells as the replacement solution.• Recommended after intensive phototherapy fails. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7005176 ER -