TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 346. Cyclosporiasis A1 - Warren, Cirle Alcantara A1 - Guerrant, Richard L. A2 - Rudolph, Colin D. A2 - Rudolph, Abraham M. A2 - Lister, George E. A2 - First, Lewis R. A2 - Gershon, Anne A. PY - 2011 T2 - Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e AB - Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian parasite that causes acute and chronic diarrhea in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. Cyclospora is phylogenetically related to other coccidian parasites, including Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Toxoplasma, and Sarcocystis. Initially described as cyanobacteria-like (blue-green algae) bodies in the stools of patients with prolonged diarrhea, anorexia, and fatigue,1Cyclospora species are now known to be ubiquitous, infecting a variety of animals, including reptiles, insectivores, and rodents. However, Cyclospora cayetanensis is the only species that is known to infect humans.2,3 Although the organism has been recovered in the stool of affected individuals from numerous regions—including North America, Central America, South America, Caribbean Islands, eastern Europe, South Africa, Southeast Asia, India, Nepal, Peru, and Haiti—infection appears to be most common in tropical and subtropical countries.4 SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7031643 ER -