TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Infant of HIV-Positive Mother
A1  - Shetty, Avinash K.
A1  - Clouser, Fatima
A1  - Maldonado, Yvonne A.
A2  - Stevenson, David K.
A2  - Cohen, Ronald S.
A2  - Sunshine, Philip
PY  - 2015
T2  - Neonatology: Clinical Practice and Procedures
AB  - Perinatal  transmission  rates  in  the  United  States  are  at  historic  lows  (<2%)  because  of  the  availability  of  effective  interventions  to  prevent  perinatal  human  immunodeficiency  virus  (HIV)  transmission.1  However,  transmission  does  occur  in  a  small  number  of  infants,  primarily  because  of  missed  prevention  opportunities.2,  3  The  neonatologist  plays  a  vital  role  in  the  prevention  of  perinatal  HIV  transmission  in  early  identification  of  HIV-exposed  newborns  born  to  infected  mothers  who  were  not  tested  for  HIV  during  pregnancy  and  in  administering  antiretroviral  (ARV)  prophylaxis  to  HIV-exposed  infants  as  early  as  possible  after  birth.4,5  The  primary  care  physician,  in  conjunction  with  a  pediatric  infectious  disease  specialist,  must  ensure  appropriate  follow-up  to  confirm  or  exclude  the  diagnosis  of  HIV  infection  in  early  infancy  and  provide  ongoing  counseling,  support,  and  anticipatory  guidance6  (Table  117-1).  A  comprehensive  review  of  recommendations  for  evaluation  and  treatment  of  the  HIV-exposed  infant  has  been  published  by  the  American  Academy  of  Pediatrics  (AAP)  and  other  experts.4,5,7,8  This  chapter  discusses  the  clinical  evaluation,  laboratory  testing,  and  treatment  of  HIV-exposed  infants,  incorporating  the  recently  updated  Public  Health  Service  guidelines  with  a  focus  on  prevention  of  perinatal  HIV  transmission.5,6  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1109799812
ER  -