RT Book, Section A1 Frohnert, Brigitte I. A1 Miller, Bradley S. A1 Dattani, Mehul A2 Sarafoglou, Kyriakie A2 Hoffmann, Georg F. A2 Roth, Karl S. SR Print(0) ID 1140320224 T1 Developmental Disorders of the Anterior Pituitary T2 Pediatric Endocrinology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, 2e YR 2017 FD 2017 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071773140 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1140320224 RD 2024/03/28 AB The pituitary gland is a midline structure located within the sella turcica recess of the sphenoid bone at the base of the brain; it plays a vital role in orchestrating complex functions of the body including growth, metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, lactation, and the stress response. The anterior pituitary gland consists of five distinct cell types that are responsible for the synthesis, storage, and release of six hormones: growth hormone (GH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL), and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). Under the influence of the hypothalamus and regulated through feedback loops, all anterior pituitary hormones are secreted in a pulsatile fashion and follow a circadian rhythm. When deficiencies of either isolated or multiple pituitary hormones occur, they do so through both congenital and acquired mechanisms.