RT Book, Section
A1 Hay, Jr, William W.
A1 Levin, Myron J.
A1 Deterding, Robin R.
A1 Abzug, Mark J.
SR Print(0)
ID 1145457750
T1 Peritonitis
T2 Quick Medical Diagnosis & Treatment Pediatrics
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781264257614
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1145457750
RD 2024/04/18
AB Most  peritonitis  is  an  acute  medical  emergencyPrimary  bacterial  peritonitisAccounts  for  <  2%  of  childhood  peritonitisMost  common  causative  organismsEscherichia  coliOther  enteric  organismsHemolytic  streptococciPneumococciOccurs  in  patients  with  splenectomy,  splenic  dysfunction,  or  ascites  (nephrotic  syndrome,  advanced  liver  disease,  kwashiorkor)Can  also  occur  in  infants  with  pyelonephritis  or  pneumoniaSecondary  peritonitisMuch  more  commonAssociated  with  peritoneal  dialysis,  abdominal  trauma,  or  ruptured  viscusOrganisms  such  as  Staphylococcus  epidermidis  and  Candida  may  cause  secondary  peritonitis  in  patients  receiving  peritoneal  dialysisMultiple  enteric  organisms  may  be  isolated  after  abdominal  injury,  bowel  perforation,  or  ruptured  appendicitisIntra-abdominal  abscesses  may  form  in  pelvic,  subhepatic,  or  subphrenic  areasIn  patients  receiving  peritoneal  dialysis,  peritonitis  can  be  a  chronic  infection  causing  milder  symptoms