RT Book, Section A1 Stephens, Michael C. A1 Kugathasan, Subra A2 Zaoutis, Lisa B. A2 Chiang, Vincent W. SR Print(0) ID 1146116988 T1 Inflammatory Bowel Disease T2 Comprehensive Pediatric Hospital Medicine, 2e YR 2017 FD 2017 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071829281 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1146116988 RD 2024/11/11 AB Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are idiopathic, lifelong, destructive chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract which typically manifest during late childhood and adolescence.1 The burden of these chronic relapsing diseases and their devastating effects imposed on affected children and teenagers may be considerable. IBD is divided into CD and UC based on clinical characteristics, although 5% to 24 % of patients do not clearly fit into either category and are termed inflammatory bowel disease–unspecified (IBD-U).2 Chronic inflammation in CD can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by discontinuous inflammation with intervening areas of normal mucosa (skip lesions) and transmural inflammation, which can result in fistulae, perforations, and strictures. Finding of noncaseating granulomas histologically in the mucosal biopsies are hallmark of CD. Intestinal involvement of UC is limited to the colon and typically begins distally in the rectum and extends proximally. Inflammation in UC is superficial.