RT Book, Section A1 John, Chandy C. A2 Kline, Mark W. SR Print(0) ID 1182904730 T1 Malaria T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 23e YR 2018 FD 2018 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259588594 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182904730 RD 2024/04/25 AB Malaria is among the leading infectious causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Each year, there are more than 200 million clinical cases, causing an estimated 438,000 deaths in 2015, most in sub-Saharan African children under the age of 5 years. Increasing drug resistance, climatic changes, population shifts, economic changes, abandonment of malaria control programs, and insecticide resistance all contributed to a resurgence of malaria in the developing world from the 1970s to the 2000s. Recent World Health Organization (WHO), governmental, and nonprofit foundation support for effective preventative measures—such as insecticide-treated bednets, indoor residual spraying, and the implementation of artemisinin combination therapy as first-line treatment for malaria in many sub-Saharan African countries—has significantly reduced malaria incidence and deaths in many countries.