RT Book, Section A1 Obringer, Emily A1 McQueen, Alisa A2 Tenenbein, Milton A2 Macias, Charles G. A2 Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 Yamamoto, Loren G. A2 Schafermeyer, Robert SR Print(0) ID 1155427094 T1 Common Parasitic Infestations T2 Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 5e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259860751 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1155427094 RD 2024/03/19 AB Parasitic infections may affect virtually all organ systems. Some parasites only begin to produce symptoms months to years after the initial exposure.Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest and most prevalent human nematode infection, with an estimated 1 billion cases worldwide. Albendazole (400 mg orally as a single dose) or ivermectin (150–200 μg/kg orally as a single dose) is curative.Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) affects individuals of all ages and socioeconomic levels, with the most common presentation being that of a toddler or small child with anal itch. Scotch tape placed sticky side to perianal skin when the child first awakens may reveal the eggs.Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) lives predominantly in the cecum and can cause malabsorptive symptoms, pain, bloody diarrhea, and fever but is usually asymptomatic. A heavy worm burden may cause a colitis-like picture with rectal prolapse and anemia.The hookworms, Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale, are collectively one of the most prevalent infectious diseases of humans and cause an iron deficiency anemia.The avian schistosome Trichobilharzia ocellata is spread by migratory birds to the freshwater lakes of the northern United States. The cercariae cause a dermatitis known as swimmer’s itch.