RT Book, Section A1 Shad, Javaid A. A2 Tenenbein, Milton A2 Macias, Charles G. A2 Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 Yamamoto, Loren G. A2 Schafermeyer, Robert SR Print(0) ID 1155427590 T1 Pancreatitis T2 Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 5e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259860751 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1155427590 RD 2024/03/28 AB The most common etiologies of pancreatitis are trauma, systemic disease, structural anomalies of the pancreatic–biliary system, drugs, infections, and idiopathic causes.The most common symptoms in children are abdominal pain, nausea, and irritability.Amylase and lipase levels are low at birth and thus not helpful in infants. Elevated amylase and lipase has a sensitivity of 81% in pediatric pancreatitis.The critical goal of treatment is to provide supportive care through aggressive fluid resuscitation, early nutritional support, and pain control.Ranson criteria, Glasgow score, and pediatric acute pancreatitis severity (PAPS) scoring system show limited ability to predict severity in children with acute pancreatitis.Approximately 25% of children with acute pancreatitis develop a complication, but less than 6% of children develop multiorgan dysfunction.The mortality rate reported in children with pancreatitis varies between 4% and 10%.Acute recurrent pancreatitis can be caused by genetic mutations, hypercalcemia, structural abnormalities, or hypertriglyceridemia.Chronic pancreatitis leads to irreversible changes of the pancreatic parenchyma and often presents as acute pancreatitis followed by recurring abdominal pain. Amylase and lipase may not be elevated.