RT Book, Section A1 Barrett, Renee E. A1 Gallagher, Patrick G. A2 Shah, Samir S. A2 Kemper, Alex R. A2 Ratner, Adam J. SR Print(0) ID 1157323102 T1 Congenital Infections T2 Pediatric Infectious Diseases: Essentials for Practice, 2e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259861536 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1157323102 RD 2024/03/28 AB Congenital infections, historically referred to as TORCH infections, comprise a group of diseases that affect the fetus and newborn. Classically, the acronym TORCH represented toxoplasmosis, other (traditionally syphilis), rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV). The “other” category has expanded to include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), enterovirus, parvovirus, varicella, and most recently, Zika virus. These congenital infections share many clinical manifestations. Consequently, the differential diagnosis of one congenital infection includes the others (Table 53-1). The prevalence of various congenital infections is variable. Infection due to rubella and toxoplasmosis is rarely seen in the United States, while CMV is common, representing a significant public health concern. Although HIV can be a congenital infection, it is more commonly acquired perinatally.