RT Book, Section A1 Bissonnette, Bruno A1 Luginbuehl, Igor A1 Engelhardt, Thomas SR Print(0) ID 1164074802 T1 Kashani-Strom-Utley Syndrome T2 Syndromes: Rapid Recognition and Perioperative Implications, 2e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259861789 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1164074802 RD 2024/04/24 AB Polymalformative syndrome characterized by hypoplastic pulmonary arteries and aorta and urinary tract malformations. Predisposing factors include cigarette smoking, recurrent or chronic respiratory infections, air pollution, occupational exposure to chemicals, and allergies. Smoking is by far the most important of these factors—it impairs ciliary action and macrophage function, inflames airways, increases mucus production, destroys alveolar septae, and causes peribronchiolar fibrosis.