RT Book, Section A1 Michelson, Kelly A2 Goodman, Denise M. A2 Green, Thomas P. A2 Unti, Sharon M. A2 Powell, Elizabeth C. SR Print(0) ID 7002344 T1 Chapter 5. Cricothyrotomy T2 Current Procedures: Pediatrics YR 2007 FD 2007 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-145908-2 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7002344 RD 2024/10/08 AB • Patients who cannot be adequately oxygenated or ventilated using bag-mask ventilation.• Patients in whom it is impossible to establish an airway via oral or nasal endotracheal intubation due to any of the following:• Bleeding from upper airway structures.• Massive emesis.• Masseter spasm.• Spasm of the larynx or pharynx.• Laryngeal stenosis.• Structural deformities of the upper airway.• To avoid delay in airway control in patients with upper airway obstruction, thus preventing or shortening periods of anoxia.• Patients with maxillofacial trauma, laryngeal trauma (except for tracheal transection), and unstable cervical spine fractures to minimize movement of the neck.• An elective situation when a patient is undergoing surgery of the head, face, or neck.