RT Book, Section
A1 Blackstone, Mercedes M.
A1 Zorc, Joseph J.
A2 Shah, Samir S.
SR Print(0)
ID 6908449
T1 Chapter 42. Urinary Tract Infections
T2 Pediatric Practice: Infectious Disease
YR 2009
FD 2009
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-148924-9
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6908449
RD 2024/04/20
AB Urinary  tract  infection  (UTI)  is  defined  by  the  presence  of  microorganisms  within  the  urinary  tract,  which  is  usually  sterile.  Since  asymptomatic  colonization  of  the  urinary  tract  can  occur,  definitive  diagnosis  often  relies  upon  a  constellation  of  features  that  might  include  history  and  examination  findings,  elevated  inflammatory  markers,  and  repeat  urine  cultures.  UTIs  are  typically  divided  into  lower  tract  disease,  where  infection  is  localized  to  the  bladder  and  urethra  (cystitis  and  urethritis),  and  upper  tract  disease,  where  it  extends  to  the  ureter  and  kidney  (pyelonephritis).  Although  both  upper  and  lower  tract  disease  may  result  in  significant  morbidity,  pyelonephritis  in  particular  is  associated  with  renal  scarring  and  subsequent  hypertension,  chronic  renal  disease,  and  preeclampsia.1,2