RT Book, Section A1 Lim, Timothy M. Crombleholmeand Foong-Yen A2 Rudolph, Colin D. A2 Rudolph, Abraham M. A2 Lister, George E. A2 First, Lewis R. A2 Gershon, Anne A. SR Print(0) ID 6734001 T1 Chapter 40. Fetal Disorders T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e YR 2011 FD 2011 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-149723-7 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6734001 RD 2024/03/29 AB The combination of extraordinary advances in molecular genetics, prenatal genetic diagnosis,1 and the continuous technologic innovations in prenatal imaging2,3 now make it possible to diagnose prenatally virtually any condition with high levels of confidence. This capability has afforded the opportunity to consider prenatal treatment for an ever-expanding list of conditions that in years past depended on postdelivery assessments. In many instances, irreparable organ injury or even death occurred as a result of this delay. Fetal therapy holds significant promise to change the natural history and improve not only perinatal survival but long-term outcomes as well.4 Fetal therapy has expanded the conditions that may be considered for medical treatment, including congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM),5,6 fetal arrhythmias,7 congenital adrenal hyperplasia,8 and even congenital diaphragmatic hernia.9-11 Possible indications for open fetal surgery have broadened to conditions such as myelomeningocele,12 sacrococcygeal teratoma,13,14 bladder outlet obstruction,15,16 and CPAM.6 But perhaps the most striking area of growth in fetal intervention is for conditions that may be treated by fetoscopic techniques,17 such as twin-twin transfusion syndrome,17-20 twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence,21,22 and congenital diaphragmatic hernia.9-11