RT Book, Section A1 Mullen, Elizabeth A2 Rudolph, Colin D. A2 Rudolph, Abraham M. A2 Lister, George E. A2 First, Lewis R. A2 Gershon, Anne A. SR Print(0) ID 7043404 T1 Chapter 456. Renal Tumors T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e YR 2011 FD 2011 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-149723-7 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7043404 RD 2024/03/29 AB Approximately 550 children and adolescents are diagnosed with renal tumors in the United States each year. The vast majority of these (about 500 cases yearly) are nephroblastomas, also known as Wilms tumors (WT). Other types of renal tumors of childhood include rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (RTK), clear cell sarcoma (CCS), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN). The relative incidence of each tumor is presented in eTable 456.1. It is important to note that the incidence of the tumor type varies with the age of the patient. Wilms tumors account for 95% of renal tumors of childhood, whereas adolescents over 15 years of age are more likely to be diagnosed with RCC than WT (incidence RCC .07 versus WT .04 in adolescent patients). A renal mass in an infant less than 3 months of age is likely to be a congenital mesoblastic nephroma, or rhabdoid tumor. Still, the overall incidence of each of these other renal tumors of childhood (CCS, RTK, CMN) is quite low. Therefore, this chapter will focus primarily on WT as the major renal tumor of childhood.