RT Book, Section
A1 Foreman, John W.
A2 Rudolph, Colin D.
A2 Rudolph, Abraham M.
A2 Lister, George E.
A2 First, Lewis R.
A2 Gershon, Anne A.
SR Print(0)
ID 7044977
T1 Chapter 468. Kidney or Urinary Tract Disorders
T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e
YR 2011
FD 2011
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-149723-7
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7044977
RD 2024/04/18
AB Hematuria  is  a  common  sign  of  urinary  tract  disease  but  also  occurs  in  otherwise  healthy  children.1,2  Hematuria  can  present  as  either  discolored  red,  brown,  or  tea-colored  urine  (eFig.  467.1),  or  it  can  present  as  yellow  urine  with  a  positive  dipstick  for  blood.  Clues  to  the  diagnosis  may  be  obtained  from  a  history  focused  on  whether  the  hematuria  is  painless,  intermittent,  or  persistent,  or  microscopic  or  gross.  A  family  history  of  hematuria  or  renal  disease  is  important.  Brown  or  tea-colored  urine  is  common  in  glomerulonephritis,  whereas  red  or  obviously  bloody  urine  suggests  postglomerular  bleeding.  Glomerulonephritis  is  commonly  associated  with  other  abnormalities  of  the  urine  such  as  proteinuria  and  cellular  casts  as  well  as  hypertension,  edema,  and  reduced  renal  function.  Table  468-1  provides  a  simple  mnemonic  for  the  causes  of  hematuria  throughout  the  urinary  tract.  A  diagnostic  approach  and  differential  diagnosis  for  discolored  urine  and  microscopic  hematuria  are  shown  in  Figure  468-1.