RT Book, Section A1 Langlois, Valerie A2 Rudolph, Colin D. A2 Rudolph, Abraham M. A2 Lister, George E. A2 First, Lewis R. A2 Gershon, Anne A. SR Print(0) ID 7045926 T1 Chapter 475. Urinary Tract Stone Diseases T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e YR 2011 FD 2011 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-149723-7 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7045926 RD 2024/03/19 AB Urolithiasis is the term used to describe the presence of a stone or a calculus anywhere in the urinary tract. Nephrolithiasis is the term generally used when calculi are found in the kidneys; it should not be confused with nephrocalcinosis, which is the deposition of calcium in the tubulointerstitial regions of the kidneys. The prevalence of urolithiasis varies widely, depending on geographic locations. Although uncommon in some countries, it remains an important childhood diagnosis because it is often associated with morbidity and high rates of recurrence. A thorough evaluation should be done to identify specific metabolic defects or factors predisposing to stone formation.