RT Book, Section
A1 Hornberger, Lisa K.
A1 Trines, Jean
A2 Rudolph, Colin D.
A2 Rudolph, Abraham M.
A2 Lister, George E.
A2 First, Lewis R.
A2 Gershon, Anne A.
SR Print(0)
ID 7046913
T1 Chapter 482. Fetal Cardiology
T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e
YR 2011
FD 2011
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-149723-7
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7046913
RD 2024/04/19
AB The  origins  of  fetal  cardiology  were  in  the  novel  and  still  relevant  fetal  lamb  investigations  of  Rudolph  and  Heymann.1-3  From  these  early  studies  we  began  to  understand  normal  fetal  cardiovascular  physiology  and  developed  hypotheses  regarding  the  evolution  of  congenital  heart  disease  (CHD)  in  utero  and  its  influence  on  fetal  circulation.4  With  advances  in  ultrasound  technology  in  the  late  1970s  and  1980s,  it  became  possible  to  demonstrate  normal  fetal  cardiac  anatomy  and  document  growth  of  the  cardiac  chambers  and  great  arteries.5-9  Doppler  investigations  in  the  1980s  and  1990s  added  insight  into  developmental  changes  in  normal  human  fetal  circulation  and  cardiovascular  function.10-13  Initial  reports  describing  prenatal  detection  of  fetal  CHD  documented  a  more  severe  spectrum  of  disease  than  that  encountered  after  birth.14-16  This  was  at  least  in  part  a  consequence  of  the  ease  with  which  the  more  severe  pathology,  including  fetal  hydrops,  was  recognized  at  routine  ultrasound  assessment.