RT Book, Section
A1 Walton, David S.
A2 Rudolph, Colin D.
A2 Rudolph, Abraham M.
A2 Lister, George E.
A2 First, Lewis R.
A2 Gershon, Anne A.
SR Print(0)
ID 7059848
T1 Chapter 584. Visual Impairment in Childhood
T2 Rudolph's Pediatrics, 22e
YR 2011
FD 2011
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-149723-7
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=7059848
RD 2024/04/20
AB Vision  is  an  essential  sensory  input  from  infancy  and  throughout  childhood  that  allows  for  normal  physical,  cognitive,  educational,  and  social  development  and  for  adult  occupational  training.  Vision  is  present  at  birth  at  approximately  a  20/200  level.  Visual  acuity  develops  rapidly  during  the  first  year,  with  normal  acuity  reached  by  9  to  12  months  of  age.  Blindness  or  visual  impairment  can  be  assessed  in  terms  of  the  level  of  visual  function  and  by  scoring  functional  vision  related  to  quality-of-life  achievements.  Assessment  of  visual  acuity  is  the  most  often  used  parameter  for  estimating  vision.  The  assessment  of  visual  acuity  in  young  children  is  imprecise.  Therefore,  it  is  necessary  to  define  ranges  of  visual  loss.  Also  test  results  may  improve  with  advancing  age  and  development.  Levels  of  visual  function,  ranging  from  normal  to  visually  impaired,  have  been  categorized  into  five  levels  of  performance  (Table  584-1).