RT Book, Section
A1 Chin, Anthony C.
A1 Reynolds, Marleta
A2 Ziegler, Moritz M.
A2 Azizkhan, Richard G.
A2 Allmen, Daniel von
A2 Weber, Thomas R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1100433716
T1 Pleural Disease: Pneumothorax and Chylothorax
T2 Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2e
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-162723-8
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1100433716
RD 2024/04/23
AB Key  PointsA  pneumothorax  results  from  a  tear  in  the  visceral  or  parietal  pleura  with  the  introduction  and/or  accumulation  of  air  in  the  pleural  space.A  pneumothorax  may  be  spontaneous  or,  more  frequently,  acquired.A  patient  with  a  pneumothorax  may  present  with  respiratory  complaints  and  chest  pain,  but  with  minimal  lung  collapse,  the  breath  sounds  may  be  normal.An  upright  anterior-to-posterior  chest  radiograph,  upon  expiration  when  feasible,  is  the  standard  diagnostic  test  used  to  identify  a  pneumothorax.Treatment  may  include  observation,  needle  aspiration,  placement  of  an  intercostal  catheter  or  tube,  or  surgical  intervention.  This  may  include  invasive  thoracoscopy  or  thoracotomy  with  pleurodesis  or  pleurectomy,  and  possibly  resection  of  underlying  bullae,  cysts,  or  abnormalities  thought  to  be  responsible  for  the  pneumothorax.Surgical  treatment  using  video-assisted  thoracoscopic  techniques  (VATS)  or  open  thoracotomy  is  indicated  when  an  air  leak  continues  for  more  than  3  to  5  days  or  in  a  pneumothorax  that  recurs  within  48  hours  following  adequate  treatment.