RT Book, Section
A1 Wells, Robert G.
SR Print(0)
ID 1148951764
T1 Renal Vascular Abnormalities
T2 Diagnostic Imaging of Infants and Children
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071808392
LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1148951764
RD 2024/04/19
AB An  estimated  2%  to  4%  of  children  have  clinically  significant  hypertension.  Primary,  or  essential,  hypertension  is  relatively  uncommon  in  children.  Approximately  90%  of  hypertensive  children  less  than  10  years  of  age  have  a  secondary  form.  Eighty  percent  of  secondary  hypertension  in  the  pediatric  age  group  is  related  to  renal  disease.  The  most  common  underlying  pathology  is  a  parenchymal  disease  of  the  kidneys,  such  as  glomerulonephritis,  nephritis,  or  reflux  nephropathy.  Only  20%  of  renal  hypertension  in  children  is  due  to  abnormalities  of  the  large  renal  arteries.  There  are  also  various  endocrinological  conditions  that  can  cause  hypertension,  including  corticosteroid  medications,  pheochromocytoma,  adrenal  adenoma,  adrenocortical  carcinoma,  adrenogenital  syndrome,  and  primary  aldosteronism  (Table  52-1).1