RT Book, Section A1 Darnall, Robert A. A2 Stevenson, David K. A2 Cohen, Ronald S. A2 Sunshine, Philip SR Print(0) ID 1109791256 T1 Temperature Control and Environment T2 Neonatology: Clinical Practice and Procedures YR 2015 FD 2015 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071763769 LK accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1109791256 RD 2024/10/07 AB Maintaining an adequate thermal environment for the premature infant is one of the most fundamental principles of newborn intensive care. The failure of the premature infant to adequately respond to a cold stress was perhaps the earliest historically recognized distinguishable characteristic (other than size) of the premature infant. This characteristic formed the rationale for the history and origins of incubators.1 From the earliest experience of Pierre-Constant Budin, a student of Etienne Tarnier in Paris around 1900, it became apparent that survival of the premature infant is dependent on providing an adequate thermal environment.2,3 In the present day, hypothermia continues to be an independent risk factor for death.4 Indeed, thermal care has become routine in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).